Browse research papers in Oncology - Medicine Discover 16 academic papers with AI-powered analysis

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This supplementary information provides additional data tables for a study on oral cancer, including gene expression profiles, tumor-initiating cell frequencies, and the effects of a CD36 antibody. The data details gene expression differences in various cell populations, glucose levels and weight in mice fed different diets, metastasis-initiating cell frequencies, and blood parameters measured in treated and untreated mice.

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paper_1758.pdf

Sep 21, 11:38 AM

Exploring the impact of first-line durvalumab plus chemotherapy on advanced biliary tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

This meta-analysis of four two-arm trials, including the TOPAZ-1 trial and three real-world studies, found that durvalumab plus gemcitabine/cisplatin improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) compared to chemotherapy alone. Five additional single-arm studies supported these findings but had limitations due to their design and heterogeneity.

Association of patient and physician characteristics with androgen-deprivation-therapy intensification in patients with de novo hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer: A population-based study

In a study of older men with advanced prostate cancer in Ontario, Canada, researchers found that the type of doctor initially prescribing hormone therapy significantly influenced whether patients received additional, life-extending treatments. Older patients were also less likely to receive these intensified treatments, even when medically appropriate.

Ivermectin converts cold tumors hot and synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade for treatment of breast cancer

This study, conducted on mice, suggests that ivermectin can make breast tumors more responsive to immunotherapy by increasing T-cell infiltration and synergizing with anti-PD-1 treatment. The combined treatment resulted in complete tumor regression in some mice and prevented tumor recurrence when re-challenged with cancer cells.

The long-term effects of chemotherapy on normal blood cells

This study examines the long-term effects of various chemotherapy treatments on normal blood cells. Researchers found that some chemotherapies cause significant increases in mutation burden and alter the clonal structure of blood cell populations, potentially increasing the risk of later health problems. These findings suggest the need for further investigation into minimizing the adverse effects of chemotherapy on healthy tissues.

Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Malignant Brain Tumors in Civilian Populations

This study found that moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI), but not mild TBIs, are associated with an increased risk of developing malignant brain tumors. This conclusion is based on a large-scale study involving over 150,000 participants from several US trauma centers and incorporated meta-analysis of data from three distinct patient cohorts. The study controlled for age, sex, race, and ethnicity but was limited by the lack of data on other potential confounding factors, such as radiation exposure from imaging studies, or lifestyle-related factors such as smoking or alcohol use.

Confined migration promotes cancer metastasis through resistance to anoikis and increased invasiveness

This study found that squeezing breast cancer cells through a narrow space (confined migration) makes them resistant to a type of cell death called anoikis, which normally happens when cells detach from their surroundings. This resistance, along with increased cell movement, led to more lung metastasis in mice. This suggests that confined migration may play a key role in cancer's ability to spread.

Size matters: Establishing a cut-off for rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm to predict recurrence and standardize surveillance guidelines

In this large single-center study, researchers identified a cut-off size of 0.7 cm for rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NET G1) to predict recurrence. For tumors 0.7 cm or smaller, routine surveillance might not be needed after endoscopic removal, as there was no recurrence observed in the study. However, larger and more aggressive tumors still require monitoring.

Timing of Recurrence After Neoadjuvant Chemo-Immunotherapy in Patients with Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

In a review of five clinical trials, most recurrences of triple-negative breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy occurred within 24 months. This pattern was even more pronounced in patients with residual disease after initial treatment, emphasizing the need for improved strategies to prevent early relapse. The study was limited by its reliance on extracted data from published survival curves and heterogeneity across the included trials.

Lymph node-targeted, mKRAS-specific amphiphile vaccine in pancreatic and colorectal cancer: phase 1 AMPLIFY-201 trial final results

In a small Phase 1 trial, a new lymph node-targeted vaccine targeting KRAS mutations showed promising results in patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancer. The vaccine appeared to induce strong immune responses and was associated with improved outcomes, but larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to verify these findings. The authors highlighted the need for randomized studies with control groups to better assess treatment effects.

A REVIEW OF IVERMECTIN USE IN CANCER PATIENTS: IS IT TIME TO REPURPOSE IVERMECTIN IN CANCER TREATMENT?

This review examined existing studies on ivermectin use in cancer patients, mostly case reports where the drug was given for parasitic infections. Ivermectin appeared safe in these patients, but the studies were not designed to test its anti-cancer effects, so more research is needed. The review proposes several potential mechanisms for how ivermectin might work against cancer, based primarily on pre-clinical evidence.

Localised rectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

This clinical practice guideline offers a detailed roadmap for diagnosing, treating, and following up on localized rectal cancer, emphasizing personalized strategies based on individual patient characteristics and tumor features. The guideline covers everything from initial screening and diagnosis to various treatment options including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, with specific recommendations for different tumor stages and risk profiles. It also highlights the importance of multidisciplinary team involvement and shared decision-making with patients.

The long-term effects of chemotherapy on normal blood cells

This research on 23 individuals shows that some chemotherapy drugs can cause significant and lasting DNA damage in healthy blood cells, comparable to the effects of aging. Different chemotherapy drugs and drug classes impact mutation burden and the clonal architecture of blood cell populations to varying degrees. While focusing solely on blood, the findings highlight the importance of considering long-term mutagenic effects when developing cancer treatments.

Honeybee venom and melittin suppress growth factor receptor activation in HER2-enriched and triple-negative breast cancer

This study demonstrates that honeybee venom and its active component, melittin, are highly effective in killing triple-negative and HER2-enriched breast cancer cells in both cell culture and mouse models. Melittin appears to work by disrupting how growth factor receptors function, inhibiting cancer cell growth and spread. The study also found synergy between melittin and docetaxel, a chemotherapy drug, leading to even better tumor control in the mouse model.

Metal complexes as a promising source for new antibiotics

This study investigated the antimicrobial activity of 906 metal-containing compounds and found a significantly higher hit-rate (9.9% non-toxic) compared to purely organic molecules (0.87%). Out of these, 30 non-toxic compounds displayed promising activity against various bacterial and fungal strains, highlighting the potential of metal complexes as a source for new antibiotics.

Targeting of radioactive platinum-bisphosphonate anticancer drugs to bone of high metabolic activity

Researchers developed a radioactive platinum-bisphosphonate complex (195mPt-BP) that selectively targets bone with high metabolic activity, showing potential for treating bone metastases. The compound accumulated in the bone tissue of mice with minimal off-target effects and slow release of platinum, suggesting a safer and more effective therapeutic strategy.

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s41598-020-62039-2.pdf

Jul 14, 10:39 AM

Oncology

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SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

Exploring the impact of first-line durvalumab plus chemotherapy on advanced biliary tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Association of patient and physician characteristics with androgen-deprivation-therapy intensification in patients with de novo hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer: A population-based study

Ivermectin converts cold tumors hot and synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade for treatment of breast cancer

The long-term effects of chemotherapy on normal blood cells

Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Malignant Brain Tumors in Civilian Populations

Confined migration promotes cancer metastasis through resistance to anoikis and increased invasiveness

Size matters: Establishing a cut-off for rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm to predict recurrence and standardize surveillance guidelines

Timing of Recurrence After Neoadjuvant Chemo-Immunotherapy in Patients with Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Lymph node-targeted, mKRAS-specific amphiphile vaccine in pancreatic and colorectal cancer: phase 1 AMPLIFY-201 trial final results

A REVIEW OF IVERMECTIN USE IN CANCER PATIENTS: IS IT TIME TO REPURPOSE IVERMECTIN IN CANCER TREATMENT?

Localised rectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

The long-term effects of chemotherapy on normal blood cells

Honeybee venom and melittin suppress growth factor receptor activation in HER2-enriched and triple-negative breast cancer

Metal complexes as a promising source for new antibiotics

Targeting of radioactive platinum-bisphosphonate anticancer drugs to bone of high metabolic activity