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Neurology

Diseases of the nervous system, including stroke, epilepsy, movement disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, headaches, and the application of neuroimaging to diagnosis

17 papers

Papers

Cramp-Fasciculation Syndrome Associated with Natural and Added Chemicals in Popular Food Items

This paper presents six case reports (three involving MSG and three involving lupin seed) suggesting a link between excessive consumption of certain food items and cramp-fasciculation syndrome (CFS) along with other neurological symptoms. While the small, observational nature of these cases precludes strong causal claims, the authors hypothesize that high intake of glutamate or quinolizidine alkaloids may contribute to these conditions. The findings highlight potential health concerns related to popular foods and call for further research into their neurological safety.

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Neurology Nov 22, 10:29 AM

Poor health-related quality of life in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in comparison with a sex- and age-matched normative population

This study found that Australians with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) experience significantly worse health-related quality of life across multiple domains compared to age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. Key predictors for this reduced quality of life in POTS patients included severity of orthostatic intolerance, female sex, fatigue scores, and a comorbid diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. While the findings highlight a substantial burden, the normative population data used for comparison was collected almost a decade prior to the POTS data.

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Neurology Oct 12, 07:02 PM

Autonomic and neuropathic complaints of long-COVID objectified: an investigation from electrophysiological perspective

This study aimed to objectify autonomic and neuropathic complaints in long-COVID patients using electrophysiological tests, but only 14 patients underwent the full detailed evaluation. They found that over a third of long-COVID patients experienced these symptoms, often associated with fatigue and headache, and identified abnormal cutaneous silent period (CSP) suppression but normal sympathetic skin responses (SSR) in the small group studied. Neuropathic complaints were commonly patchy and proximal.

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Neurology Sep 29, 06:37 PM

Altered amyloid plasma profile in patients with disabling headaches after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

This study found altered levels of proteins related to amyloid processing in people with persistent headaches after COVID-19 or vaccination. These findings suggest a potential link between amyloid processing and these headaches, especially in those with cognitive symptoms after COVID-19. However, larger studies, particularly with cerebrospinal fluid samples, are needed.

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Neurology Sep 05, 11:43 AM

Computer vision detects covert voluntary facial movements in unresponsive brain injury patients

This study uses a computer vision tool called SeeMe to detect small facial movements in response to commands in brain-injured patients. SeeMe detected movements earlier and in more patients than standard clinical exams, and these movements correlated with patient outcomes. However, some videos were not analyzable due to medical equipment and clinical conditions such as pneumonia and delirium also influenced the ability to detect movements.

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Neurology Sep 02, 06:54 AM

Haptoglobin phenotypes and structural variants associate with post-exertional malaise and cognitive dysfunction in myalgic encephalomyelitis

This study found that people with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) had lower levels of the protein haptoglobin in their blood after a stress test designed to induce post-exertional malaise (PEM), and that lower baseline levels and specific structural variants of haptoglobin were linked to worse cognitive function and PEM severity. This suggests a link between haptoglobin and how ME patients respond to exertion, potentially making it a useful tool for diagnosis or treatment. A small sample size for one part of the study prevents definitive conclusions about the link between haptoglobin and some symptoms.

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Neurology Aug 29, 08:44 PM

Association between Mediterranean diet and dementia and Alzheimer disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis

This meta-analysis of observational studies found that higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a slightly lower risk of dementia in older adults (11% for all dementia types, 27% for Alzheimer's specifically). However, inconsistencies in dietary assessment and moderate heterogeneity limit the strength of the findings, and the primarily cross-sectional nature of the included studies makes it difficult to establish causality.

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Neurology Aug 27, 12:32 PM

Blood Pressure Management Pre- and Post-Reperfusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Evidence and Insights from Recent Studies

Recent studies suggest that aggressively lowering blood pressure, either before or after procedures to remove blood clots in acute ischemic stroke, may not improve outcomes and may even be harmful. While elevated blood pressure can contribute to complications, maintaining a certain level of blood pressure seems crucial for preserving brain tissue, especially in areas with compromised blood flow. More research is needed to determine the optimal blood pressure management strategy.

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Neurology Aug 26, 03:21 AM

Investigating the Presence of Neurodegeneration Independent of Relapses in MOGAD Compared to Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

This study with limited sample size and follow-up duration suggests that MOGAD, unlike relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), might not exhibit progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA). While RRMS patients experienced both clinical and cognitive worsening without new attacks, no PIRA was observed in the MOGAD group. However, the RRMS group also showed faster brain atrophy in specific regions and increased free water content in existing brain lesions compared to both MOGAD and healthy controls.

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Neurology Aug 21, 02:23 PM

Lithium deficiency and the onset of Alzheimer's disease

This study, primarily in mice, suggests a link between low lithium levels in the brain and the development of Alzheimer's-like pathology. Mice on lithium-deficient diets showed increased amyloid plaques, tau tangles, and inflammation, as well as poorer memory. Supplementing mice with lithium orotate, a form of lithium with reduced amyloid binding, improved memory and reduced Alzheimer's-like changes.

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Neurology Aug 10, 01:39 PM

An overview of intracranial aneurysms

Intracranial aneurysms, though common (affecting ~4% of people), mostly don't cause symptoms and rarely rupture. The rupture risk is size-dependent, with larger and posterior circulation aneurysms being more dangerous. The preferred management approach is observation for small (<7mm) anterior circulation aneurysms in asymptomatic patients, with endovascular coiling or surgical clipping considered for other cases.

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Neurology Jul 14, 10:50 AM

Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Botulism, 2021

These guidelines offer evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating various forms of botulism, emphasizing prompt antitoxin administration and supportive care. The guidelines address conventional, contingency, and crisis standards of care, providing guidance for resource-limited scenarios, and a clinical criteria tool aids in early diagnosis, especially crucial during public health emergencies.

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Neurology Jul 14, 10:50 AM

A unified connectomic target for deep brain stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder

This study identified a common fiber bundle connecting frontal regions to the subthalamic nucleus that predicts clinical improvement in OCD patients treated with DBS, regardless of the primary surgical target (ALIC or STN). This shared "brain highway" suggests a unified mechanism of action across different DBS targets and opens up new possibilities for personalized treatment strategies.

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Neurology Jul 14, 10:50 AM

Global Trends in the Incidence, Prevalence, and Years Lived With Disability of Parkinson's Disease in 204 Countries/Territories From 1990 to 2019

This study examined global Parkinson's disease trends from 1990-2019 using the Global Burden of Disease dataset. It found an overall increasing trend in incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability globally and in most regions, likely linked to population growth and aging, though several countries showed decreasing trends. The burden was higher in males and positively correlated with sociodemographic development indices.

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Neurology Jul 14, 10:50 AM