The physics of Earth and its environment, including seismology, gravity, magnetism, electrical methods, and the use of geophysical techniques to explore Earth's interior and natural resources
8 papersUsing 10 years of satellite radar data, researchers detected 85 previously unknown active subglacial lakes beneath the Antarctic ice sheet, significantly expanding the known inventory. These lakes, some located surprisingly close to the edge of the ice sheet where it meets the ocean, experience dynamic filling and draining cycles which can influence ice flow and melting.
This study reports on the remote triggering of unrest at over 50 mud volcanoes and a large-scale aseismic slip event on a network of faults in the Kura Basin, caused by the February 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Türkiye, over 1000 km away. The researchers attribute this extensive phenomenon, equivalent to a Mw 6.1 earthquake, to changes in pore pressure at depth due to seismic waves, triggering slip along pre-existing faults.
This study proposes an improved constrained point-mass model approach using a data-driven regularization method to analyze satellite gravimetry data. This approach aims to enhance the spatial resolution and accuracy of terrestrial water storage change estimations. While promising, the paper focuses primarily on methodological improvements without demonstrating real-world application or extensive validation.
This study used a large-scale physical model and theoretical analysis to investigate stress field evolution in a longwall mining panel. The research revealed that the major principal stress field forms an arch-shaped structure, with high stress concentration on the shoulders, and influences the fracture morphology of the overlying strata in a pattern resembling an inverted funnel before the first breaking, and a “\” shaped breaking line during periodic weighting.
The thirteenth generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF-13) provides updated models of Earth's main magnetic field for epochs 2015.0 and 2020.0, along with a predictive secular variation model for 2020.0-2025.0. The model reveals continued weakening of the dipole moment and westward drift of the South Atlantic Anomaly, with significant implications for navigation, satellite operations, and studies of Earth's core and magnetosphere.
This paper introduces IGRF-13, the thirteenth generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field, providing updated coefficients and maps for the Earth's main magnetic field. The model includes a definitive main field for 2015.0, a main field for 2020.0, and a predictive secular variation model for 2020.0-2025.0, indicating continued weakening of the dipole moment and westward movement of the South Atlantic Anomaly.
Evidence suggests a global-scale initiation of plate tectonics no later than c. 3 Ga. Earlier apparent subduction events may be attributed to localized plume-induced subduction initiation, which did not develop into a stable global network until the Mesoarchean or later.
The 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption triggered ionospheric disturbances that propagated globally for at least four days, traveling around the globe multiple times. The disturbances exhibited characteristics consistent with Lamb waves, suggesting their significant role in the global propagation of the eruption's effects.