This study used a large-scale physical model and theoretical analysis to investigate stress field evolution in a longwall mining panel. The research revealed that the major principal stress field forms an arch-shaped structure, with high stress concentration on the shoulders, and influences the fracture morphology of the overlying strata in a pattern resembling an inverted funnel before the first breaking, and a “\” shaped breaking line during periodic weighting.

The authors acknowledge funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the China Coal Technology & Engineering Group Foundation. While these organizations support research in mining and related fields, no specific conflicts of interest related to the study's findings were identified.

This study provides valuable insights into the evolution of mining-induced stress fields in longwall panels. The use of a large-scale physical model combined with theoretical analysis is a strength. However, the limitations related to physical modeling, limited field validation, and specific geological context prevent a higher rating. The acknowledged funding sources do not appear to directly influence the research outcomes.