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Absolute and Functional Iron Deficiency in the US, 2017-2020

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Paper Summary

Paperzilla title
Many US Adults Have Iron Deficiency, But Few Take Supplements

This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) and found that 14% of US adults have absolute iron deficiency and 15% have functional iron deficiency. Iron supplement use was low among adults with iron deficiency, ranging from 22% to 35% in women and 12% to 18% in men, depending on age.

Explain Like I'm Five

Lots of grown-ups in the US don't have enough iron, even if they appear healthy, and many aren't taking supplements to help. This could be a hidden health problem.

Possible Conflicts of Interest

Dr. Lutsey reported receiving grants from the NIH outside of the submitted work. Dr. Buckley reported receiving speaking fees and consulting fees from organizations outside of the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.

Identified Limitations

Cross-sectional design
This study design can show associations, but not causal relationships between iron deficiency and other factors.
Self-reported data
Reliance on self-reported information, such as supplement use and medical history, may introduce recall bias and inaccuracies.
Lack of information on iron absorption
The study measured dietary iron intake but didn't account for factors influencing absorption, like vitamin C intake, leading to potential underestimation.
Limited subgroup analysis
Small sample sizes in some subgroups, such as those with specific comorbidities, may limit the generalizability of findings.

Rating Explanation

This study provides valuable information on the prevalence of both absolute and functional iron deficiency in a large, nationally representative sample. The limitations regarding causal inference, self-reported data, and lack of absorption data are acknowledged. However, the findings are important for public health and highlight the need for further research and improved screening strategies.

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Topic Hierarchy

Domain: Health Sciences
Field: Medicine
Subfield: Hematology

File Information

Original Title: Absolute and Functional Iron Deficiency in the US, 2017-2020
Uploaded: September 08, 2025 at 05:11 PM
Privacy: Public