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Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
High cholesterol induces apoptosis and autophagy through the ROS-activated AKT/FOXO1 pathway in tendon-derived stem cells
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Paper Summary
Paperzilla title
High Cholesterol Makes Tendon Stem Cells Self-Destruct: A Cellular Tragedy in Three Acts (Apoptosis, Autophagy, and ROS)
High cholesterol was found to induce both apoptosis (programmed cell death) and autophagy (cellular self-eating) in tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs). This dual effect is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) activating a specific cellular pathway involving AKT/FOXO1 signaling, suggesting a new mechanism for how high cholesterol can contribute to tendon problems.
Possible Conflicts of Interest
None identified
Identified Weaknesses
Limited in vivo investigation
The study acknowledges limitations in not using apoptosis inhibitors, autophagy inhibitors, antioxidants, or FOXO1 signaling inhibitors in vivo, hindering further investigation of their roles in the pathogenesis of hypercholesterolemia-induced tendinopathy.
Incomplete mechanistic understanding
The study mentions that the mechanism underlying the crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy requires further exploration, leaving a gap in understanding the complex interplay between these processes.
Limited exploration of ROS generation mechanisms
The study recognizes the need for further investigation into the mechanisms of ROS generation by cholesterol, which could involve multiple pathways beyond the scope of the current research.
Rating Explanation
This study presents a strong investigation of the effects of high cholesterol on tendon-derived stem cells, providing novel insights into the mechanisms of tendinopathy. The methodology is generally sound, and the findings are well-supported by in vitro and in vivo experiments. While some limitations exist, such as limited in vivo mechanistic studies, the overall quality of the research is high and warrants a rating of 4.
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File Information
Original Title:
High cholesterol induces apoptosis and autophagy through the ROS-activated AKT/FOXO1 pathway in tendon-derived stem cells
File Name:
s13287-020-01643-5.pdf
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File Size:
3.70 MB
Uploaded:
July 14, 2025 at 10:41 AM
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