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Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated nephritis-treatment standard

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Paper Summary

Paperzilla title
Kidney Complications from Cancer Immunotherapy: What We Know So Far

This review summarizes current knowledge and treatment approaches for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated acute kidney injury (AKI), a side effect of cancer immunotherapy. It focuses on acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN), the most common form of ICI-AKI, discussing diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes, emphasizing the need for more prospective studies.

Explain Like I'm Five

Some cancer drugs can cause kidney problems as a side effect. Doctors are figuring out how to diagnose and treat these problems, but more research is needed.

Possible Conflicts of Interest

One author (SMH) has received research funding from intramural and Mayo Clinic grants. No specific funding was disclosed for the preparation of this manuscript.

Identified Limitations

Reliance on Retrospective Studies
The review heavily depends on retrospective studies, which are prone to biases and may not accurately reflect the true incidence and outcomes of ICI-AKI. Prospective studies are needed for higher-quality evidence.
Lack of Standardized Definitions
Different definitions of renal recovery make it difficult to compare results across studies and hinder clear conclusions about the effectiveness of treatments.
Limited Biopsy Data
Kidney biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing ICI-AKI, but many included studies lack biopsy confirmation, potentially misclassifying cases and affecting treatment decisions.

Rating Explanation

This is a comprehensive review of an important topic in onco-nephrology. It summarizes the current understanding of ICI-AKI and highlights key areas for future research. While it relies on retrospective studies, this is a limitation of the current evidence base. The authors acknowledge this weakness and call for more prospective research. Potential COI noted but seems minimal.

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Topic Hierarchy

Domain: Health Sciences
Field: Medicine
Subfield: Nephrology

File Information

Original Title: Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated nephritis-treatment standard
Uploaded: September 22, 2025 at 04:01 PM
Privacy: Public