Hyperprolactinemia, an excess of prolactin hormone, can have various causes including medication use, hypothyroidism, and pituitary disorders. Diagnosis involves excluding secondary causes and imaging the pituitary gland; treatment aims to restore hormone balance and fertility, with dopamine agonists as the first-line medical therapy and surgery reserved for specific cases.

The authors received an unrestricted educational grant from Paladin Labs Inc.

This is a well-written and informative review that provides valuable clinical guidance on hyperprolactinemia. It covers a wide range of relevant topics, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Although it lacks novel research findings and could benefit from a more critical evaluation of newer strategies, the clear and comprehensive presentation of information makes it a useful resource for healthcare professionals. The disclosed conflict of interest is noted but doesn't appear to significantly bias the content. It is slightly downgraded from a 5 due to the noted limitations.