The physics and applications of ionizing radiation, including radiation detection, dosimetry, radiation therapy, radiation protection, and nuclear medicine physics
5 papersThis paper introduces PhysenNet, a physics-informed neural network for phase imaging that doesn't require prior training. By integrating the physics of diffraction into the network architecture, PhysenNet can recover phase information from a single diffraction pattern, eliminating the need for extensive labeled training data.
This study introduces a machine learning approach to analyze XANES spectra by correlating spectral descriptors (edge, white line, and pit features) with structural parameters (coordination number, bond distances, oxidation state). The method overcomes challenges related to systematic differences between theoretical and experimental spectra and provides analytical formulas for faster structural analysis, successfully applied to Fe:SiO2 and reference iron compounds.
Researchers developed a new organic manganese halide hybrid, (C38H34P2)MnBr4, that exhibits efficient green emission under X-ray excitation. This material shows promise as an X-ray scintillator with high light yield and low detection limit, potentially suitable for applications like medical imaging and security screening.
A deep learning model achieved human expert-level performance in segmenting head and neck organs at risk on CT scans for radiotherapy planning, comparable to experienced radiographers. The model showed good generalizability across different datasets, including international sites with varying demographics and scanning protocols, demonstrating its potential for broad clinical application.
This study used correlative X-ray and neutron computed tomography (CT), along with a virtual unrolling technique, to create 4D images of lithium-ion battery operation. The research revealed how lithium distribution, electrolyte consumption, and electrode degradation (like cracking) change during battery discharge, highlighting a more active lithium intercalation at the outer electrode windings due to less compression.