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Neurology

Clinical neuroscience and neurological disorders, including neurodegeneration, neuroimmunology, neuromuscular diseases, and translational approaches to neurological treatment

5 papers in this specialization

Paperzilla Papers in Neurology

Assessing cerebral microvascular volumetric with high-resolution 4D cerebral blood volume MRI at 7 T

This study introduces an innovative non-invasive 7T MRI method to measure microvascular volumetric pulsatility (mvPI) across different brain layers in humans. Researchers found that mvPI is highest at the brain's surface (pial mater) and significantly higher in the deep white matter of older participants compared to young ones, with even higher mvPI in older individuals with hypertension. However, the study involved a relatively small sample size (11 young, 12 older participants), which limits the generalizability of these age-related findings, especially for subgroup analyses.

Association of Amygdala and Hippocampus Volumes With Histopathological Diagnosis in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

This study found that in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the size of the amygdala can be either increased or decreased depending on the underlying cause of the epilepsy. In patients with hippocampal gliosis (HG), the amygdala tends to be enlarged, while in patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS), it is often smaller. The study is limited by the small number of HG patients, potentially impacting the generalizability of results.

Identification of region-specific astrocyte subtypes at single cell resolution

This study identifies five distinct astrocyte subtypes in the adult mouse cortex and hippocampus using single-cell RNA sequencing. These subtypes exhibit unique molecular signatures, distinct spatial positioning, and specialized morphologies and Ca2+ signaling properties, suggesting functional diversity within and between brain regions.

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s41467-019-14198-8.pdf

Jul 14, 11:00 AM

Overview of General and Discriminating Markers of Differential Microglia Phenotypes

This review gathers, classifies, and describes known and recently discovered protein markers expressed by microglial cells in their different phenotypes. It aims to provide a comprehensive and practical guide for choosing proper, more specific markers for detailed studies on microglia and neuroinflammatory mechanisms in various physiological as well as pathological conditions.

Modular output circuits of the fastigial nucleus mediate diverse motor and nonmotor functions of the cerebellar vermis

The study identified five major types of glutamatergic projection neurons in the mouse fastigial nucleus (cerebellar vermis) with distinct gene expression, morphology, and connectivity patterns. These cell types form modular circuits with specific Purkinje cells and inferior olive neurons and project to distinct downstream targets in the brainstem, thalamus, and forebrain, suggesting their involvement in a wide range of motor and nonmotor functions, including posture, locomotion, oromotor control, orienting, arousal, and cognition.

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2020.04.23.047100.full.pdf

Jul 14, 11:00 AM