The study explores paremias (proverbs, sayings, etc.) in modern linguistics, focusing on their study, text-forming potential, and linguocultural aspects. It uses Russian and Lithuanian demotivators to analyze the proverbial text-forming function and examines proverbs with toponyms in different languages to identify common semantic and cultural elements.

The study acknowledges funding from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, but no specific conflicts of interest related to this funding are apparent.

The paper presents a descriptive overview of paremias and their role in different contexts, but several methodological weaknesses and an overemphasis on proverbs limit the overall strength of the research. The study has some interesting points about the linguocultural aspects of paremias. The analysis of demotivators adds a contemporary perspective, but the discussion could benefit from a more rigorous text analysis.