Limited generalizability to complex systems
The study primarily focuses on a simple system of planar metal electrodes and dilute aqueous electrolytes, which limits the generalizability of the findings to more complex electrochemical interfaces encountered in real-world applications, such as fuel cells or electrolyzers with complex electrode morphologies and concentrated electrolytes.
Approximations inherent in DFT-CES
While the DFT-CES approach bridges the gap between electronic structure calculations and classical molecular dynamics, it still relies on approximations inherent in both methods, potentially affecting the accuracy of the simulated EDL structure and dynamics.
The study mainly investigates the EDL structure and its influence on CO2 reduction, neglecting other important factors that can affect electrocatalytic activity, such as surface defects, pH, and mass transport limitations.
The assumption of an adiabatic potential change in the simulations may overestimate the sharpness of the capacitance peaks compared to the experimental results obtained at finite scan rates.
Simplified assumptions on CO2RR mechanism
The correlation between field strength and CO2 reduction activity is based on simplifying assumptions regarding the CO2 adsorption mechanism, which may not capture the full complexity of the reaction pathway.