The study found that boys were more physically active than girls and preferred team/contact sports, while girls favored individual and artistic sports. Children cared for by their fathers were more likely to be physically active, suggesting a potential influence of paternal figures on activity levels.

The authors received funding from Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) through multiple projects. However, no direct conflicts related to commercial interests were identified.

The study provides valuable insights into sex differences in physical activity and sports preferences, as well as the influence of parental care. However, several methodological limitations, such as the cross-sectional design, non-representative sample, and self-reported data, restrict its overall strength. The study's funding from the university, while a potential source of bias, is not significant enough to severely impact the rating. Hence, the rating is 3, reflecting an average study with meaningful findings but notable limitations.